Linux is a unix-like computer operating system assembled under the model of free and open source software development. If you choose Linux operating system,you need to know some basic linux commands to configure,operate and interact with your system smoothly.In Linux system,commands are required as inputs to inform a computer program to perform specific operation.
cd
cd command is used to change a directory.It will allow the user to change between the directories.
For example,If you want to change the home directory to test directory by using the following commands
cd test
cp
cp command is used to copying files and directories. cp command has three principle mode of operation such as copying a file to another file,copying one or more file to another directory and copying entire directory to another directory.
For example,copying a file Music to another directory test1
cp Music test1
mv
mv command is used to move files one location to another.For example,move file Music to test1
mv Music test1
date
date command is used to display system date and time.
pwd
pwd command is used to display the current directory.
mkdir
mkdir command is used to create the directory
rmdir
rmdir command is used to remove the directory from the file system
top
top command is used to display the dynamic real-time view of a running system.It can display the system summary information,as well as the list of processes or threads currently being managed by the kernel.It will also shown the types,order and size of information displayed for all user-configurable.
ls
ls command is used to view the list of files and directories.
wget
wget is a command line utility which retreive files from a web that support http,https and ftp protocols.
For example,To install wordpress by get direct link of wordpress
wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
tar
tar command is used to extract the tar files
For example,we will unzip the latest.tar.gz file by using below command
tar -xvzf latest.tar.gz
gzip
gzip command is used to compress the file.For example,to compress Pictures file by using below command
gzip Pictures
who
who command is used to display who is logged on your system
df
df command is used to view the available disk space being used by file system.
ping
ping command is used to test the ability of the source computer to reach a specified destination computer.
chmod
chmod command is used to change the file permission.For example,to change file permission of download file to 644 by using below command
chmod 644 Downloads
clear
clear command is used to clear the terminal screen
halt
halt command is used to stop all CPU functions
reboot
reboot command is used to instructs the system to reboot.
shutdown
shutdown command is used to turnoff the computer and that can be combined with variables such as -h,for halt after shutdown and -r ,for reboot after shutdown
exit
exit command is used to exit from shell prompt.